Improvement in quadrats



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WILLIAM DONALD,l 0F ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 110,752, dated January 3, 1871.

IMPROVEMENT lN QUADRATS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern.- .Be it known that I, XVILLIAM DONALD, of Erie', i the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and improved Quadratfor use in printing and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing and the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in so constructing a quadrnt that, when types are set for printing, and it is desired to separate them for the purpose of making up mattei', the same can be easily done' withont danger of squahblin g or disarran ging the matter, and also to prevent the types from 'adhering so closely' to the table on which they rest when wet, as they are, to make them adhere together.v

My invention consists in changing the form of the quadra-t.

In order to illusti'ate'my invention more perfectly I have, in the drawing, shown the present as well as my improved form of a quadrat.

'llie accompanying drawing exhibits lny invention, as follows:

Figure 1 shows a section of types set upfor printing, with the present form of quadrat used inthe spaces.

-Figure 2 shows a like section of matten with my improved form of quadrat used therein.

Figure 3 is an end view ofthe section shown in tig.2.

Figure 4 is an' end view of fig. 1.

111 these figures of the drawing a a '0, Sac., are the presentiformed qnadrats, and

b b b, &c., are my improved form.

It will be seen, therefore, that my improved form of quadrats differ from the present form in that they are beveled on each side at each end, ll fl in fig, 3 representing the bevel.

Hence it will be seen that, when my form of quadrat is introduced into matter, grooves c c will be formed (tig. 2) in the spaces, while, by the present form of qnadrat, a plane surface is formed in the spaces.

After types are set up by the compositors they are placed on galleys, and from thence onto stone tables, where they are arranged in' the forms, called the making-np process. and before the types arewet so as to malte them adhere closely to each other, and in making up they are separated by the operator by slipping a rule in between the lines.

With the present formed qnadrat used in spacing, an'd 'the types closely adhering, it is hard to insert the rule, and the operator often squabbles the types. By using my form of quadrat, as before stated, grooves are formed, in which the rule can be placed and easily inserted between the lines of types, wholly preventing any danger of squabbling or deranging the types.

It will be observed, as before stated, that the quadrats are beveled at both ends.

This is done- First, to make it of no matter which, end of the quadrat is placed up.

Second, to form grooves on the under side of the types also.

The object of the grooves on the under side of the types is to create air-spaces and prevent the types from adhering so closely to the stone or table on which they are sitting when wet, allowing them to be more easily lifted, and thus again lessening the danger of squab bling.

Vhat I claim as my invention is as follows:

The improved quadrat, beveled substantially as shown, for the purpose set forth. i

. NVM. DONALD.

Witnesses:

Bann B. EVANS, JNO. K. HALLooK.

When taken fromthe galleys, 

